Papers
Key papers on prevention
The studies behind this site, grouped by topic.
Risk factors
- Livingston G, et al. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission. Lancet 2024.
The 14 modifiable risk factors and the 45% estimate.
Lifestyle and medical trials
- Ngandu T, et al. A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2015.
First large trial to show a multidomain lifestyle program helps cognition.
- SPRINT MIND Investigators (Williamson JD, et al.). Effect of intensive vs standard blood pressure control on probable dementia. JAMA 2019.
Intensive blood pressure control reduced mild cognitive impairment.
- Lin FR, et al. Hearing intervention versus health education control to reduce cognitive decline in older adults with hearing loss in the USA (ACHIEVE). Lancet 2023.
No overall effect; possible benefit in people at higher risk.
- U.S. POINTER Study Group. Two-year results of the U.S. POINTER lifestyle trial. Published in JAMA, July 2025.
Both programs improved cognition; the structured one more.
- Eyting M, et al. A natural experiment on the effect of herpes zoster vaccination on dementia. Nature 2025.
Shingles vaccination linked to fewer new dementia diagnoses in Wales.
Drug prevention trials
- Sperling RA, et al. Trial of solanezumab in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. New England Journal of Medicine 2023.
The A4 Study: no slowing of decline.
- Donanemab in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease: screening and baseline data from TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 3. 2025.
Who is enrolled in the largest ongoing prevention trial.